Peptide Reconstitution: A Technical Reference
What reconstitution means
Research peptides are supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder for stability. Reconstitution is the process of dissolving that powder in a suitable solvent to produce a solution of known concentration for laboratory work. Doing it correctly — with the right solvent, volume and handling — is essential both for accurate concentrations and for preserving the peptide.
Use the reconstitution calculator to work out exact volumes for your target concentration.
Choosing a solvent: bacteriostatic water
The most common reconstitution solvent for research peptides is bacteriostatic water — sterile water containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol, which inhibits bacterial growth and allows a reconstituted vial to be stored for longer than plain sterile water permits. Some peptides with poor aqueous solubility may require a small amount of a co-solvent before dilution, which should be determined per compound.
Always add the solvent slowly, directing it against the side of the vial rather than firing it directly onto the powder, and allow the peptide to dissolve gently without vigorous shaking.
Concentration calculations
Concentration is simply the mass of peptide divided by the volume of solvent. For example, reconstituting a 10 mg vial with 2 mL of bacteriostatic water gives a concentration of 5 mg/mL. Choosing the reconstitution volume therefore sets your working concentration — a smaller volume gives a more concentrated solution.
The reconstitution calculator handles this both ways: enter your vial size and target concentration to get the volume, or enter the volume to get the resulting concentration.
Sterile handling and storage
Handle reconstitution under clean conditions: wipe vial stoppers with an alcohol swab before piercing, use a fresh sterile syringe, and avoid touching the needle or stopper surface. Once reconstituted, peptides are generally stored refrigerated at 2–8°C and protected from light; lyophilised (un-reconstituted) vials are more stable and are typically stored cold and desiccated for long-term keeping.
Reconstituted shelf life varies by compound; bacteriostatic water extends it relative to plain water, but reconstituted solutions should still be used within the window appropriate to the peptide. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.